fa بررسی تاثیر حمایت آرنج و ساعد بر خستگی عضله ذوزنقه‌ای فوقانی حین تایپ کردن پژوهشي Research <!--stripped--> <o:officedocumentsettings> <o:relyonvml> <o:allowpng> </o:allowpng></o:relyonvml></o:officedocumentsettings> <!--stripped--> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">مقدمه: </span></b><span lang="FA">امروزه رایانه‌ها در بسیاری از خانه‌ها و محل‌های کار استفاده می‌شوند. رابطه بین استفاده از رایانه و اختلالات اسکلتی-عضلانی در نواحی گردن و اندام فوقانی اثبات شده است. یکی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="FA">از شایع‌ترین مشکلات</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="FA">گزارش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="FA">شده</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="FA">در کاربران رایانه، خستگی عضلانی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="FA">در نواحی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="FA">بالاتنه است. حمایت اندام فوقانی، به‌عنوان راهی برای کاهش استاتیکی بار روی عضلات شانه و گردن حین استفاده از صفحه‌کلید پیشنهاد شده است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، تعیین اثر حمایت آرنج و ساعد بر خستگی عضله ذوزنقه‌ای ‌فوقانی حین تایپ کردن بود. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">مواد و روش­ها:</span></b><span lang="FA"> در این مطالعه نیمه آزمایشی، 8 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه بوعلی سینا شرکت نمودند. فعالیت الکترومیوگرافی سطحی </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>(sEMG)</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> عضله ذوزنقه سمت برتر حین تایپ کردن در 3 وضعیت بدون حمایت آرنج، با حمایت عادی آرنج (حمایت با میز)، و حمایت آرنج با پد ثبت و مقایسه شد. </span><span lang="AR-SA">شاخص خستگی عضلات در سه وضعیت تایپ کردن با محاسبه شیب فرکانس میانه از روی سیگنال‌های خام الکترومیوگرافی به دست آمد.</span><span lang="FA"> از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌های تکراری برای تجزیه ‌و تحلیل آماری استفاده شد.</span><span lang="FA"> </span><span dir="ltr"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">یافته‌ها:</span></b><span lang="FA"> شیب فرکانس میانه در وضعیت تایپ کردن حمایت عادی در مقایسه با وضعیت بدون حمایت بیشترین مقدار کاهش را نشان داد (0.04=</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt">p</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>). تفاوت معنا‌داری در شیب فرکانس میانه بین حمایت آرنج با پد و دو وضعیت دیگر مشاهده نشد (0.05<</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt">p</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0% direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed"><b><span lang="FA">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></b><span lang="FA"> این نتایج نشان می‌دهند که حمایت عادی آرنج می‌تواند به‌عنوان راه­کاری برای دیرتر خسته شدن عضله ذوزنقه و در نتیجه افزایش راندمان کاری در نظر گرفته شود. با این‌حال، به نظر می‌رسد تحقیقات بیشتری برای مشخص نمودن مزیت و یا عدم مزیت استفاده از انواع پدها لازم می‌باشد.</span><span lang="AR-SA"></span></p> <!--stripped--> <o:officedocumentsettings> <o:relyonvml> <o:allowpng> </o:allowpng></o:relyonvml></o:officedocumentsettings> <!--stripped--> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Introduction:</span></b><span> Today, computers are widely used in many homes and workplaces. The relationship between computer use and musculoskeletal disorders in the neck and upper extremities has been well documented. Muscle fatigue in the shoulder and arm regions is one of the most frequently reported problems in computer users. Supporting the upper extremities has been suggested as a way to reduce the static load on upper body muscles while using a keyboard. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of elbow and forearm support on upper trapezius muscle fatigue while typing.</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Materials and Methods</span></b><b><span>:</span></b><span> Eight students of Bu-Ali Sina University (Hamadan, Iran) participated in this </span><span>quasi-experimental study.</span><span> The surface electromyography activity of the upper trapezius muscle of the dominant side was recorded in three positions, namely without elbow support, elbow support with the table, and elbow support with a pad while typing. </span><span>The muscle fatigue index for the</span><span> three typing positions</span><span> was calculated based on the median frequency slope of the raw </span><span>electromyography signals. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for statistical analyses. </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Results:</span></b><span> </span><span>Median frequency slope decreased significantly </span><span>in elbow support with the table in comparison with non-support position (p = 0.04). There were no significant differences between elbow support with a pad and other two positions. </span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify line-height: normal background: rgb(217, 217, 217) none repeat scroll 0% 0%" class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Conclusion:</span></b><span> These results suggested elbow support as a mechanism to delay trapezius muscle fatigue and thus increase task efficiency. 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2"> </w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:lsdexception></w:latentstyles></w:donotpromoteqf></w:validateagainstschemas></w:punctuationkerning></w:trackformatting></w:trackmoves> تایپ کردن, حمایت آرنج, خستگی, عضله ذوزنقه Typing, Elbow support, Fatigue, Trapezius muscle. 33 40 http://journal.iehfs.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-258-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohamad hosein Ghasemi محمدحسین قاسمی hghasemi92@basu.ac.ir 10031947532846002628 10031947532846002628 No Abed Salimi عابد سلیمی 10031947532846002629 10031947532846002629 No Mehrdad Anbarian مهرداد عنبریان anbarian@basu.ac.ir 10031947532846002630 10031947532846002630 Yes Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran دانشیار بیومکانیک ورزشی دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا ، همدان، ایران. Maasome Fadaee معصومه فدایی 10031947532846002631 10031947532846002631 No Sara Moghadasi سارا مقدسی 10031947532846002632 10031947532846002632 No Hamed Esmaeeli حامد اسماعیلی 10031947532846002633 10031947532846002633 No