The Exploration of the Organizational Justice Level and Its Relation with Cyberloafing with a Study in the Healthcare and Treatment Network

Samadi-Miarkolaei, Hossein; Samadi-Miarkolaei, Hamzeh

doi:10.30699/jergon.8.3.13

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Volume 8, Issue 3 (Iranian Journal of Ergonomics 2020) Iran J Ergon 2020, 8(3): 13-21 | Back to browse issues page

‎ 10.30699/jergon.8.3.13

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Samadi-Miarkolaei H, Samadi-Miarkolaei H. The Exploration of the Organizational Justice Level and Its Relation with Cyberloafing with a Study in the Healthcare and Treatment Network. Iran J Ergon 2020; 8 (3) :13-21
URL: http://journal.iehfs.ir/article-1-681-en.html

The Exploration of the Organizational Justice Level and Its Relation with Cyberloafing with a Study in the Healthcare and Treatment Network

Hossein Samadi-Miarkolaei ^*¹

, Hamzeh Samadi-Miarkolaei²

1- MA, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran , hossein_samadi22@yahoo.com
2- PhD, Department of Public Administration, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Keywords: Organizational Justice, Cyber loafing, Organizational Excellence, Healthcare and Treatment Network

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Introduction

Nowadays, the healthcare and treatment sector's organizations are known as one of the most important pillars in the debate of public health. The psychological development of the experienced, knowledge-driven, competent, proactive and motivated, and empowered human resource is the most important competitive advantage of these organizations. Taking this matter into account as the importance of human resources, the present research tried to explore the employees' psychological perception of organizational justice and its impacts on the cyber loafing in Babolsar healthcare and treatment network.

Materials and Methods

In terms of purpose, the present research is an applied study, and in terms of method, an analytical-correlational study. Considering the simple random sampling method and on the basis of Cochran's Formula, 165 employees of Babolsar healthcare and treatment network were studied in 2018. To collect the data, two standard scales for cyber loafing and organizational justice were used. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation and Structural Equation Modeling by SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL., USA) and LISREL.

Results

Research results showed that there is a negative and significant relation between organizational justice and cyber loafing (P<0/001, r=-0/299). The results of structural equation modeling also showed that organizational justice variable explains the 47% of variance for cyber loafing variable. The values of goodness of fit indices for research model are (χ2/df=1.44; GFI=0.98; NFI=0.98; RMSEA=0.054) that showed desirable fitness of model.

Table 1. Reliability (values on the diameter of the table) and internal correlation between research variables

Row	Variables	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
1	Internet browsing	(0.82)
2	Browser activities	^**^0.847	(0.83)
3	Email Activities	^**^0.738	^**^0.481	(0.80)
4	Procedural justice	^*^0.164-	0.059-	^**^0.322-	(0.92)
5	Distributive justice	^**^0.241-	^*^0.191-	^**^0.255-	^**^0.484	(0.91)
6	Justice of communication	^**^0.249-	0.143-	^**^0.379-	^**^0.642	^**^0.221	(0.90)
7	Information justice	^**^0.376-	^**^0.276-	^**^0.445-	^**^0.590	^*^0.176	^**^0.840	(0.94)
8	Organizational Justice	^**^0.299-	^*^0.187-	^**^0.422-	^**^0.989	^**^0.591	^**^0.854	^**^0.830	(0.95)

Table 2. Model fit indexes in structural equation model

Indexes	Acceptance criteria	Calculated values
χ2 to degrees of freedom (χ2 / df)	Less than 3	1.44
Root of Mean Square Remnant (RMR)	Less than 0.05	0.006
Norm fitness index	More than 0.90	0.98
Non-Normed Fit Index	More than 0.90	0.99
Incremental Fit Index	More than 0.90	0.99
Comparative fitness index	More than 0.90	0.99
Goodness fitness index	More than 0.90	0.98
Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index	More than 0.90	0.94
Root Mean Square Error of Approximation	Less than 0.08	0.052

Table 3. Results of path analysis between variables

Row	Model paths	Standard coefficients	Meaningful numbers	Confirm / Contact	Intensity of contact
1	Organizational justice → Cyberloafing	0.47-	3.22-	Confirm	Relatively strong
*RMSEA = 0.054, GFI = 0.98, AGFI = 0.94, NFI = 0.98 and NNFI = 0.99* *Model fit: The square of the model errors (0.054) was 0.08 and χ2 / df (1.44) was less than 3.*
1	Organizational justice →browser activities	0.19-	2.41-	Confirm	Medium
2	Organizational Justice →Email Activities	0.42-	5.89-	Confirm	Relatively strong

Discussion

The results of structural equation model test showed that the test of the main hypothesis of the research is that there is an inverse and significant relationship between perception of organizational justice and Cyberloafing in Babolsar health network and this relationship was shown to be -3.22. In general, it can be concluded that the staff of Babolsar Health Network considered organizational justice to be effective on their level of Internet browsing (causal relationship). These results were consistent with the findings of Betts et al., Restubog et al., and Lim [10, 20].
In the test of sub-hypotheses, the existence of perception of organizational justice also reduces the level of browser-related activities in employees, which was shown to be significant with a value of -2.41. In general, if the perception of organizational justice of Babolsar health network improves, the level of browser-related activities in individuals will also decrease moderately. In contrast, employees' perception of organizational justice has a significant and inverse effect on the level of email activities, which was shown to be significant with a value of -5.89.
What is certain is that employees' perception of justice in the organization is very influential on the occurrence of their organizational citizenship behaviors; because employees who see justice in the current organization, will engage in behaviors that are to protect the interests of the organization and will pay special attention to achieving organizational goals. In fact, organizational justice is one of the most important organizational factors that can lead to Internet browsing. As stated, when justice is not perceived as desirable to employees, they retaliate against the organization for such actions in order for them to administer justice as they see fit.
One of the important variables of organizational justice is distributive justice, which refers to the fairness of the way revenues are allocated. In fact, employees compare their earnings with other organizational colleagues to find a fair distribution of resources in the organization.
Interactive justice focused on the quality of interpersonal processes and the behavior of individuals (for example, behaving with greatness and respect) is one of the most important motivating factors for employees. Therefore, managers must put respect at the forefront of their work in dealing with a great employee. Finally, to improve the level of employee motivation, information justice as a fair and transparent flow of information in the organization must be improved. This can be done by providing a detailed explanation of why the procedures are used and clarifying the career path for employees.

Conclusion

The cyber loafing is increasingly impressed by organizational justice and its components, and in this regard, the employees are more vulnerable. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers develop the organizational procedures and the methods of justice establishment in organization, and eventually, apply the capacities of their human resource in the best way possible.

Acknowledgements

The researchers of this study consider it necessary to thank and appreciate all those who contributed to the best of this study, especially the managers and employees of the Babolsar Health Network.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Type of Study: Research |
Received: 2020/06/14 | Accepted: 2020/09/2 | ePublished: 2020/09/22

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