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Translation and localization of the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the evaluation of the face validity and test-retest reliability of its Persian version
Hamidreza Mokhtarinia, Asrin Shafiee, Marzieh Pashmdarfard,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the top 10 injuries accounting for absence from work. The Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E) is one of the many tools used to examine these disorders. The present study was conducted to translate and localize the NMQ-E and to evaluate the face validity and test-retest reliability of its Persian version.

Materials and Methods: The present non-empirical methodological study used the International Quality Of Life Assessment (IQOLA) approach to translate the NMQ-E into Persian. The face validity of the Persian version was examined in a sample of 15 patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and its absolute and relative test-retest reliability were examined in a sample of 48 patients using the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The Kappa coefficient was also used to measure the inter-rater agreement for nominal variables.

Results: The translation and localization of the NMQ-E was deemed easy and acceptable. All the items of the questionnaire had an acceptable face validity. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficient and the Standard Error of Measurement of the Persian version of the NMQ-E were deemed acceptable (SEM=0.56-1.76 and ICC>0.7) and the Kappa coefficient was calculated as 0.78-1.00. 

Conclusion: The Persian version of the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire showed an acceptable validity and test-retest reliability for assessing musculoskeletal disorders in Iranian patients.


The Impact of Mental Workload Levels on Physiological and Subjective Responses
Majid Fallahi, Majid Motamedzade, Zahra Sharifi, Rashid Heidari Moghaddam, Alireza Soltanian,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract

Introduction: Advances in technology and the use of complex systems at work have imposed high mental workloads to operators; so, continuous monitoring of mental workload can help to prevent mental problems and maintain mental health. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of mental workload on physiological and subjective responses.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 16 healthy university students in 2014 at a laboratory setting. Physiological parameters of surface electromyography and electrocardiography in six blocks (resting, high mental work, moderate, low, very low and recovery) were measured using NeXus-4. After performing each block, the NASA-TLX questionnaire was completed. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 21.0. A 5% significance level was adopted in all the tests.

Results: The results showed significant differences for the average score of NASA-TLX between the different levels of mental work load (P < 0.05). Also, the analysis of repeated measures variance showed significant differences for heart rate and heart rate variability parameters in the six blocks (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed for the shoulder muscles activity.

Conclusions: Different levels of mental work load can impact on people's subjective responses and some of their physiological responses. Thus, in such workplaces, it will be necessary to conduct an ergonomic program to manage mental health.


Muscular Activity Assessment of Common Welding Postures in Welders of Gas Transmission Pipelines
Reza Tahmasebi, Majid Motamedzade, Sadaf Torkashvand, Mehrdad Anbarian, Maryam Farhadian,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background: Many workers, especially welders, have awkward postures during their working hours. Evaluating such kind of postures is done with the aim of corrective actions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the activity of welder's muscles in common welding postures working on gas transmission pipelines.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 15 welders of the Iranian Gas Transmission Co. After the required analysis, three postures that were most used working on the gas transmission pipelines were identified to evaluate muscle activity. The surface electromyography (EMG) activity of the erector spinae, biceps femoris, vastus medialis, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis, tibialis anterior, rectus abdominis, abdominal internal oblique, abdominal external oblique, and semitendinosus muscles are evaluated in three postures. They are analyzed based on the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC).
Results: The results indicated that the mean of muscle activity in the kneeling posture is significantly lower than two other postures (P<0.001). The mean activity of each muscle in different postures were compared and evaluated. The highest activity was related to the tibialis anterior, vastus medialis and biceps femoris. Abdominal muscles have the lowest activity.
Conclusion: The muscle activity of the welders in the evaluated postures was very high. Based on the findings of this study, the muscle activity was strongly affected by the type of posture and angle of the joints, so  the muscles’ activity in the kneeling posture was lower than the two other postures due to the suitable angle of joints and the direct transmission of body weight.

Application of Digimizer Image Analysis Software In Facial Anthropometry
Elham Salvarzi, Alireza Choobineh, Mehdi Jahangiri, Sareh Keshavarzi,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (6-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Craniofacial anthropometry and anthropometric ratios are used in different sciences such as dentistry, medicine, oral and maxillofacial surgery, growth studies, plastic surgery, bioengineering and production of personal protective equipment. The purpose of this study is to introduce Digimizer software to measure facial dimensions and compare manual dimensional measurement and photoanthropometry with this software.
Methods: In This descriptive-analytical study 12 female students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences participated. Measurement of face dimensions of samples was done manually and by photographic methods and data analysis was performed with SPSS software version 19 and descriptive-analytical tests.
Results: From the ten dimensions of the measured dimensions, a significant difference was observed in the three dimensions of the Subnasal-Nasal Root Length (SNRL), Menton-Nasal Root Length (MNRL) (Face Length) and Bitragion-Menton Arc (TRMA) dimensions,(P <0.05 ). No significant differences were observed in other dimensions. The ICC (Intra Class Correlation) coefficient for both methods was obtained in the range of 0.56-0.94.
Conclusion: This study showed that the use of Digimizer software can replace the use of manual method in measuring the dimensions of the face and in the preparation of anthropometric database of the face in less time is preferable to the manual method.

Investigating the Usability of the Integrated Research Automation System (SYAT): A Heuristic Evaluation
Siavash Etemadinezhad, Elahe Amouzadeh, Jamshid Yazdani Charati,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (7-2022)
Abstract
Objectives: Today, many hardware and software products, including office automation software, and web-based websites are used by employees, including professors and employees of different departments in offices. Websites are considered one of the main competitive advantages in any organization. This study aims to investigate the usability of the Integrated Research Automation System (SYAT): A Heuristic Evaluation.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive- cross- sectional study with a heuristic evaluation performed on the integrated research system software (SYAT) by 3 evaluators. They then evaluated the intensity of each of the ten options and scored from 0 to 4. After each problem was classified as one of the 10 branches of Nielsen's evaluation by the evaluators, similar problems were eliminated and the average scores and the severity of the deterioration of the problems were calculated.
Results: A total of 92 usability problems were identified in evaluating the usability of the web-based software (system) using the components provided by Nielsen. The majority of the issues were related to the detection instead of reminder with 16 problems (17.32%). The lowest number of problems was related to both compatibilities between the system and the real world, and the clarity of the system status with 6 cases (6.52%).
Conclusion: The usability assessment method is inexpensive and simple and the problems caused by websites and applications can be evaluated as feedback to improve them. The more accurate the needs of SYAT system users are, the more effective the system will be and the more satisfied the users will be.

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