Showing 8 results for Anthropometric
Rashid Heidarimoghadam, Majid Motamedzade, Ghodratollah Roshanaei, Rasoul Ahmadi,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract
Match between school furniture dimensions and children’s anthropometric dimentions in male elementary schools. Rashid Heidari Moghaddam1, Rasoul Ahmadi2 , Majid Motamedzade3, Ghodratollah Roshanaie4 stract: Introduction: Given the important role of appropriate furniture in the posture of the students and that non ergonomic furniture can produce uncomfortable posture, low back pain, neck pain, lack of concentration and discomfort, therefore, this study examine match between school furniture dimensions and children’s anthropometric dimensions in male elementary schools in Hamadan city. Materials and Methods: In this study 600 children have been studied. Their weight and height and their anthropometric dimensions included shoulder height, elbow height, knee height, popliteal height, popliteal-bottock length and hip breadth have been measured. Then, the fitness between current furniture's dimensions and calculated ergonomic dimensions have compared. Results: : Findings showed that dimensions of available furniture included seat height, seat depth, seat width, back rest height, desk height, underneath desk height and anthropometric dimensions of students was not matched. This study has shown that by increasing the seat depth and decreasing the seat height in new designs, they have relatively improved in compare with the old designs. Conclusion: Available school furniture dimensions in Hamadan elementary schools are not appropriate for most students and induce postural discomfort and musculoskeletal disorders. Key words: Ergonomics, Anthropometrics, Design, Furniture 1- Department of Ergonomics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health. Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamedan, Iran. 2- Corresponding author, Ergonomics graduate student, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 3- Professor, Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 4- Roshanaei, Ghodratollah, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology. Modeling of Noncommunicable diseases Research center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Zahra Sharifi, Reza Osqueizadeh, Seyyed Farhad Tabatabai Ghomshe,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (6-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Job satisfaction and productivity among industrial workforce depend on multiple factors. Among these
factors, designing the workstation based on bodily characteristics and dimensions of the workers is of critical
significance. Since industrial chairs have direct impacts on biomechanical and anthropometric compatibility, they play
a major role in enhancing workers’ interaction with their workplace. The current study approached the redesign of such
a product with a focus on ergonomics.
Materials and Methods: The present research was a typical combined design project. In the quantitative phase, 90
participants underwent 12 anthropometric measurements (which were important in designing industrial chairs). The
underlying cognitive aspects of the question were evaluated via qualitative methodologies.
Results: Since normal distribution of the data was confirmed, raw anthropometric data were descriptively processed
and reported. Cognitive assessments revealed correlations between correct form and softness of the backrest, and
appropriate slope of the seat-pan, being a main factor determining the level of comfort while interacting with industrial
chairs.
Conclusion: Diverse physical constraints and conditions caused by the variety of duties and workstations have made it
somehow difficult for specialists to design a universal industrial chair functioning in all different contexts.
Nevertheless, the current study confirmed the effectiveness of involving personnel in redesigning the workplace and
easing the challenges.
Mohammad Amin Mououdi, Seyed Noroddin Mousavinasab, Seyed Mohammad Reza Gramian, Jafar Akbari,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Introduction: Inappropriate sizes of school furniture and the deformation of children’s bodies is one of the issues of concern in the world. The aim of this study was the evaluation of anthropometry of primary students aged 6-12 years in Mazandaran, Iran and the design of school furniture based on the anthropometric criteria of the students.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 18 anthropometric dimensions of 2336 boys and girls aged 6-12 years in 2014-2015 were measured. To collect data, anthropometric chair, camera and camera stand, and Anthropometric photo graphical software were used. After determining the anthropometric dimensions, ergonomic school furniture was designed.
Results: Average, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, median and percentile value of 2.5 to 97.5 of the anthropometric dimensions of students were calculated. The results showed that gender had no effect on the popliteal height in the age groups of 6 to 7 and 7 to 8, but age had effects on popliteal height (P < 0.001). In the age groups of 8 to 9 and 9 to 10 years and also the age groups of 10 to 11 and 11 to 12 years both gender and age had effects on popliteal height (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The results showed that by eliminating the effects of gender, 16.2 mm popliteal height increased per year. It was also found that after eliminating the effects of age, popliteal height increased 20.39 mm more in girls than in boys. Until the age of puberty, the anthropometric dimensions in girls increased more than in boys. The dimensions of ergonomics tables and chairs for students were designed in three sizes.
Mohammad Amin Mououdi, Seyed Noroddin Mousavinasab,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background: Problems and complications caused by inappropriate tables and chairs dimensions in changing the shape of children's body are important issues nowadays. The aim of this study was to evaluate anthropometric dimensions of the changes in elementary school students of Mazandaran province between 1992 and 2014.
Methods: in two cross-sectional studies carried out between 1992 and 2014, anthropometric information of elementary school students were collected in the range of 6 to 11 years old. In 1992, 1758 students out of a population of 254204 and in 2014 2336 students out of a population of 208820 were selected using stratified random sampling method. In 1992, mechanical anthropometric was used for measuring while in 2014, an anthropometric chair photographic camera and anthropometric photogrammetric software (made by the researcher) were applied to measure. In this study, we measured the parameters of weight, amount of height, seat height, sitting height, shoulder width, hip width, thigh thickness, sitting length of the buttocks, hip length in sitting leg knee position. Data were analyzed using SPSS software package version 20.
Results: Comparison of the two study revealed that the average (SD) of the boy's weight increased from 25.82 kg (9.5) to 32.17 (11.03) (6.35 kg increase) and girls ‘weight accelerated 25.19 kg (6.5) to 33.10 (12.50) (7.91 kg increase). The boys' height was increased from 127.26 cm (9.6) to 134.80 (10.84) (54.7 cm increase) and a raise was observed form 126.5 cm (10.1) to 133.30 (11.18) (6.8 cm) among girls’ height and there were changes in other anthropometric factors as well.
Conclusion: The results show that students have significant anthropometric changes during a 22 years’ period, and it is needed to carefully design and construct children's devices especially the school chair and table.
Saseed Ilbeigi, Nafise Rastegar, Marzieye Saghebjoo, Ahmad Ebrahimi Etri, Hosein Farzaneh,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between ergonomic of educational equipments with anthropometrical parameters and upper extremity abnormalities in primary school girl students in Mashhad.
Methods: In this way, 14225 girl students were selected as statistical population, and then 375 subjects randomly were selected as a samples study. Some anthropometrical parameters as; popliteal height, popliteal-buttock length, elbow height from 90° angle, and shoulder height from setting position along with some educational equipments dimension used such as bench height, bench depth, desk height and width were measured. Moreover, upper extremity abnormalities including lumbar lordosis and thorax kyphosis were evaluated by flexible ruler. The related anthropometrical measures along with desk and bench dimensions also were determined in range of accepted limit (AL), over range of accepted limit and below range of accepted limit for each of benches and desks dimension. For statistical analysis the Chi-Square test in contingency tables, Cramer’s phi were used by SPPS version 16 (P<0/05).
Results: The result of this study indicated that the 81/8 percent of benches was higher than max accepted limit of the popliteal height, and 76/8 of students used some desks that was higher than max accepted limit (P<0/05). Bench depth was inappropriate for %100 of students and smaller than min accepted limit. Furthermore significant relationship observed between measure match bench height with popliteal height and abnormalities lordosis and kyphosis (p≤0/05).
Conclusion: The result of present study indicated that educational equipments of the Mashhad schools had no minimum ergonomic standard.
Hossein Manouchehri, Payam Moradpour, Mohammad Amin Mououdi, Ebrahim Aga-Rafiei,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: A well-designed desk and chair, in addition to proper learning, can prevent changes in the user's physical form. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the anthropometric characteristics of students in the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources located at the University of Tehran to design an ergonomic table and chair.
Methods: In this research, 18 anthropometric characteristics including the popliteal height, knee height, shoulder height, eye height, sitting height, elbow support height, elbow height, knotted elbow length, hip-popliteal length, hip-knee length, thigh thickness, abdominal depth, chest depth, hip width, shoulder width, the transverse width of the elbows, height, and as well as weight for 260 students (130 girls and 130 boys) aged 18 to 35 years were investigated. To collect data, an anthropometric chamber and chair were used. Finally, according to the measured physical dimensions of the students, the Dimensions of ergonomic table and chair were calculated and designed according to the INSO 9697-1 standard.
Results: Anthropometric dimensions of students were obtained through mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, mean, and the percentile value of 2.5 to 97.5 using SPSS version 20 software. The results showed that the age of the user does not have a significant effect on the size of the table and the chair. Also, the results showed that there was a significant difference in popliteal height between girls and boys.
Conclusions: Considering the difference in dimensions between female and male students, it was found that the popliteal height in the percentile of 5 for boys is 4 cm more than girls. Therefore, using measured anthropometric characteristics, the dimensions of the chair and table ergonomics were designed in two sizes.
Arezoo Sammak Amani, Mohammad Amin Mououdi, Morteza Mahdavi, Fariba Ghaempanah,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: For many employees, students and “Behind the desk jobs”, most of the daily work is done while sitting on a chair and behind a desk. This happens while many studies are associating long-term sedentary posture with musculoskeletal and cardiovascular diseases, etc. The aim of the present research is to design a tool that helps to change the working posture of people who work at sedentary workstations from sitting to stand-sit posture.
Methods: The measurements needed to design a desk converter were extracted from the existing anthropometric data of the Iranian community between the ages of 6-19 and 20-60 for both sexes, using 4 anthropometric parameters of elbow (to floor) height sitting, eye height sitting, elbow height standing and eye height standing. These values were used to obtain the difference between the required work surface of the hand while sitting and standing (keyboard position) and the difference of the required work surface of the eye while sitting and standing (display position). Due to the adjustability of this tool, 5th percentile of women and 95th percentile of men were used to achieve the required range of changes.
Results: The desk converter constitutes two parts, 1. Top surface (meant for monitor) and 2. the keyboard tray. The difference in the height of these two surfaces was calculated 12cm. The maximum height of the desk converter (adjustable range) for both age groups was 68 cm due to changes in sitting and standing elbow height. The width and depth of the desk are set at 90 by 50 cm, and the keyboard and mouse surface, with a width equal to the desk’s and a depth of 20 cm, creates sufficient and comfortable space for users.
Conclusion: It is envisioned that by using this tool and changing the posture of individuals from an entirely sitting posture to standing and sitting alternation, a contribution to the reduction of musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, diabetes and cancer problems can be made.
Zohreh Goudarzi, Sara Izadi, Abbas Seifollah Zade, Roghayyeh Hassanzadeh, Neda Mahdavi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (1-2024)
Abstract
Objectives: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the health challenges for faculty members, affecting their performance and work-related quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between these disorders and the ergonomic features of their workstations.
Methods: This research was conducted among 22 faculty members after obtaining informed consent and using a census method. The prevalence of disorders was assessed using the Cornell questionnaire, and the evaluation of the workstation was performed using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method. Then, 14 anthropometric dimensions (differentiated by gender) were measured, and 13 workstation characteristics were assessed. Finally, 11 criteria were used for anthropometric fitness evaluation. Moreover, data analysis was carried out using SPSS software (version 26).
Results: Approximately 46% of the participants had experienced pain and discomfort in one of the musculoskeletal areas, with the wrist, neck, shoulder, and lower back being the most affected areas, respectively. The ROSA results indicated that 22.73% of the participants' workstations required ergonomic improvements. The most significant mismatches were found in the criteria of 1) trunk length-chair backrest length, 2) thigh thickness in a seated position-distance between thighs and desk, and 3) shoulder width-chair seat width.
Conclusion: The signs of a connection between the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the lack of anthropometric compatibility/inadequate knowledge among faculty members in the field of ergonomics were observed. This issue underscores the importance of considering ergonomic/anthropometric characteristics of office desks and chairs during the procurement of office supplies and emphasizes the need to enhance ergonomics knowledge.
