Showing 324 results for Type of Study: Research
Abbasali Jafari-Nodoushan, Golnaz Bagheri, Fatemesadat Mosavi Nodoushan,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Faculty Members of the university have a fundamental role in education and its quality. Working conditions of the faculty members have made them face severe musculoskeletal disorders. The spread of the COVID-19 virus, the closure of universities and the virtual education have made working conditions of the faculty members more difficult than before. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the virus on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders of the faculty members of the university and the extraction of variables affecting the disorders.
Methods: This descriptive-survey study was conducted in 2020 on 220 faculty members of Yazd University who were selected by the simple random sampling method. Data were collected using the standardized Nordic questionnaire in two stages before and after the spread of the virus and were analyzed in SPSS 25 by paired sample t-test, independent t-test, and analysis of variance.
Results: Musculoskeletal disorders after the spread of the virus in most organs have increased significantly, so that frequency percentage in the neck for the three campuses has increased from 36%, 40%, and 31% to 55%, 52%, and 44 %. There is a significant relationship between gender, work experience, and teaching method with the prevalence of disorders. Most disorders were in the back, neck, and knees.
Conclusion: A small percentage of faculty members perform sports activities and daily exercises that by planning on them can reduce the disorders. The university can also prevent the centralization of education at a specific time by dividing the virtual education during the day and week and reduce the disorders.
Mehdi Omidi, Amin Asgharzadeh, Seifollah Gharib, Mohsen Vahedi, Amir Salar Jafarpisheh,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The proliferation of computers, along with the development of software and the Internet, has revolutionized the work and life of people with disabilities, including those with spinal cord injuries with limited mobility in the arms. The efficiency and usability of the aids provided to these people is very important; because they have more limitations than ordinary people. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency and usability of human-computer interface in cervical spinal cord injury with two biofeedback EMG methods based on computer games and without computer games.
Methods: The sample size was 20 participants (healthy and with spinal cervical lesions) who were selected regarding availability. The statistical population of the study (that was conducted 2019-2020) was spinal cord injury patients referred to spinal cord injury clinic in Tehran. Participants received three 30-minute sessions per week for 1 month of EMG biofeedback training and game-based biofeedback interventions. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis.
Results: Results showed that participants considered using EMG biofeedback and game biofeedback as 75/8% and 72/0% usability. Over time, the “through put” numerical values of the variable decreased in healthy individuals and spinal cord injury. Also, the numerical values of this variable were lower in healthy individuals than in individuals with spinal cord injuries. The maximum reduction in numerical values of the “through put” variable appeared between the first and sixth sessions.
Conclusion: The EMG and gaming biofeedback system can be used for interaction and control such as computers, wheelchairs, and more.
Fakhradin Ghasemi, Maedeh Hasini, Mojtaba Ahmadi, Mostafa Rahmiani-Iranshahi,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Designing workstations in accordance with anthropometric characteristics of employees can prevent awkward working postures and reduce the risk of such disorders. The present study aimed at investigating the anthropometric compatibility of workstations in a sewing company and its relationship with working postures.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a sewing company located in Hamadan province, Iran. Working postures were assessed in standing and sitting workstations using REBA and NERPA techniques, respectively. Anthropometric dimensions were measured in accordance with ISO 7250 and anthropometric compatibility with workstation was investigated. Mann-Whitney test was used for assessing the relationship between anthropometric compatibility and working posture.
Results: A total of 205 employees with a mean age 31.29 years participated in this study. Working postures were mostly in an unacceptable condition and the need for ergonomic intervention was evident. In sitting workstation, there was no significant relationship between working postures and anthropometric compatibility in terms of seat depth, seat width, and backrest height. In contrast, anthropometric compatibility with seat height and desk height were significantly associated with working posture (P<0.05). In standing workstations, a significant relationship was observed between anthropometric compatibility and desk height (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Anthropometric incompatibility with workstation generally deteriorated the working postures. However, anthropometric compatibility with seat height and desk height were the ones with a significant relationship with working posture. Therefore, for redesigning workstations the seat height and desk height should be considered first.
Tahmineh Moradi Tamadon, Fakhradin Ghasemi, Iraj Mohammadfam, Omid Kalatpour,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Firefighting is a difficult and dangerous job. This job requires decision-making and speed in action in critical situations. Such conditions increase the probability of human error in the firefighting activities. Setting up fire operators as the first step of emergency response is associated with high criticality. The purpose of this study is identification and assessment of the risk of human error while setting up and operating fire operators.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 2019. Tasks related to the operation of industrial firefighting operators were studied and analyzed by Hierarchical Task Analysis. Then, human errors in the operation of fire operators were identified and analyzed using the systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (SHERPA). Finally, appropriate prevention solutions were proposed to reduce the risk of errors.
Results: A total of 480 errors were detected for 130 tasks as 49.58% of them were action errors, 39.17% check type, 10.42% communication and 0.83% were selective errors and no retried error was observed. According to the results of risk assessment, 8.33% of the errors were unacceptable, 24.17% were undesirable, and 48.33% were acceptable risks but needed to be revised and 19.17% were acceptable without the need for revision.
Conclusion: The process of operating fire operators can be associated with human errors and prevent successful firefighting operations. Therefore, these errors should be identified and controlled using appropriate methods.
Fatemeh Karami, Samira Ghiyasi, Ahmad Soltanzadeh,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: ِِDespite complex technologies in many work environments, human errors are of great importance as they might lead to severe and catastrophic accidents. Therefore, in order to prevent and limit the consequences of human error, it seems necessary to identify and find the causes of them. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the human errors of locomotive maneuvers in the railway repair and development project, 2019.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the identification and evaluation of human errors in locomotive maneuvers in the MAPNA railway repair and development project using SHERPA technique was done. First, using the hierarchical task analysis method, the activities of the maneuvers are divided into their tasks and sub-tasks; in the next step, the types of human errors in each of the tasks were identified and then human errors were evaluated according to SHERPA instruction.
Results: A total of 206 errors were identified in the present study. Errors included 48.5% action error, 39.8% checking error, 10.2% information communication error and 1.5% selection error. The lowest and highest errors related to locomotive displacement error were related to hot single diesel (14.0%) and locomotive displacement error on service pit (29.6%). Of the identified errors, 23.8% had an unacceptable risk level, 51.1% had an ALARP risk level and 25.2% had an acceptable risk level.
Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated that the most unacceptable risks and ALARP were related to checking and action error, respectively. So, it is suggested that the design and implementation of control measures related to these two types of errors should be prioritized.
Saeed Yazdani Rad, Mahsa Jahadi Naeini, Marziyeh Sadeghian, Seyed Mahdi Mousavi, Milad Abbasi,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes mental effects as well as physical effects, which can affect the occupational dimensions of people. The present study was aimed to determine the effect of individual factors on resilience and productivity loss of employees at epidemics conditions of Coronavirus in an occupational environment.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed, in Spring of 2020, on 275 personnel in one of the southern industrial companies of Iran. Data collection instruments included demographic questionnaire, researcher made questionnaire, CD-RSC resilience questionnaire, and Hershey and Gold Smith productivity questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: The results of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that people older than 50 years and more than 20 years of work experience and low and medium experience in using personal protective equipment had a significantly lower resilience score (P<0.05). Also, the results of the analysis revealed that the individuals with experience of COVID-19 had significantly lower score of productivity (P<0.05). Moreover, the results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between resilience and productivity (r=0.249, P<0.05).
Conclusion: COVID-19 disease has reduced the resilience and productivity of workers. Therefore, adherence to health protocols in the workplace is necessary to reduce the risk of developing COVID-19.
Ramin Rahmani, Ali Ebrazeh, Farzad Zandi, Roghayeh Rouhi, Shirdel Zandi,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Paying attention to human resources is one of the basic principles for increasing productivity and quality of services in hospitals. Therefore, the present study was designed to compare the level of job satisfaction and job stress, and the association between these two components in nurses, operating room, and anesthesia staff.
Methods: This is a descriptive causal-comparative study, performed in December 2019 in Zabol hospitals with the participation of 175 nurses, operating room, and anesthesia staff. A three-part questionnaire consisting of demographic information, job satisfaction, and job stress was used to collect data. Then analysis of data was performed using SPSS 20 and the Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and ANOVA.
Results: In this study, it was found that nursing group had the highest job satisfaction and anesthesia and operating room staff had the lower job satisfaction. Also, the highest and lowest levels of job stress were related to anesthesiologists and nurses, respectively, and the differences in both variables were significant between the three groups. Moreover, the results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between job satisfaction and job stress, totally.
Conclusion: Due to that anesthesia staff was in a more unfavorable situation than others. We recommend that management planning and policies in hospitals be done by occupational groups and design and carry out the studies to assess the needs for each group.
Anooshirvan Safari, Shahnaz Tabatabaei, Mahnaz Sareme,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In the automotive industry, assemblers are at the risk of job stress. There is relationship between job stress and work ability index, and job stress can impact on work ability index negatively. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of ergonomic job stress intervention (Ergo-JSI) on the work ability index and job stress of assemblers in an auto parts factory.
Methods: It was an interventional study with pre- and post-test design in the assembly section of an auto parts factory. The sample group included 80 persons who were working in this section and they were selected totally. The interventional Ergonomics-based on Job Stress Program was performed for eight weeks. Job stress questionnaires (BJSQ), work ability index (WAI), ergonomic check points (ECP), and stress prevention in the workplace (International Labor Organization) were used as research tools.
Results: The ergonomic job stress intervention (Ergo-JSI) was found to be significant on the work ability index (P <0.001). The level of work ability index was increased by 16.25% for workers (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the job stress was decreased significantly (P <0.05). The quantitative changes in the level of job stress towards reduction were based on the BJSQ criteria A (51.25%) and criteria B (27.5%); these differences were found to be significant (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Individual and organizational approaches which used for the interventional Ergonomic based on Job Stress Management Program has been effective on the decreasing of job stress and the increasing of work ability index of assemblers. Therefore, this Participatory Ergonomics Program which has an integrated approach can be improved the mental health of staff.
Anooshe Fazeli, Hassan Ghasembeygi, Mohammad Ghofrani,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: During the past times people have used furniture as today. Along with the social welfare development and the importance of manufacturing efficiency, the importance of ergonomics and standardization in furniture became very clear so that, today it is well-known that not considering human factors in furniture manufacturing causes much human health problems. Due to the importance of furniture standardization, the present study was conducted to investigate the use of standards in furniture manufacturing units in Tehran province.
Methods: In this study, cluster sampling was performed and questionnaires were distributed among experienced manufacturers of sixty furniture manufacturing units. Statistical analysis was performed using One sample student t-test and Friedman test in SPSS 18 software.
Results: Results revealed that there was a significant difference between the indices mean and the hypothesized mean of the population. Furniture manufacturers believed that the governmental and nongovernmental institutions have appeared weak on updating furniture standards and making manufacturers familiar with standards. From their point of view, consumers have shown a great trend to buy standard and ergonomic furniture. Manufacturers also have largely tended so much to use standards and national standards conformed by international standards.
Conclusion: The manufacturing of standard furniture increases the consumer interest to buy furniture and it increases the consumer satisfaction. The high quality of imported raw materials makes furniture competitive and it causes coordination with international standards and it can assure the successful export of furniture in Iran. Successful furniture manufacturing will depend on realization of all indices mentioned in the present study.
Davood Afshari, Payam Amini, Behnoush Jafari, Ghasem Akbari,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Psychosocial factors are among the factors affecting employee productivity. Since few studies have been done in this field, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychosocial factors regarding productivity.
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2020 among 105 employees of a food distribution company in Ahvaz. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire, Copenhagen Psychosocial Factors Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and Goldsmith Hershey Productivity Questionnaire. Independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to investigate the relationship between variables.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant relationship between any of the demographic variables with the score of psychosocial factors and productivity (P> 0.05). Psychosocial factor 2 has a negative and significant relationship with the average score of productivity, ability, role clarity, organizational support, motivation, feedback and credibility. And psychosocial factor 4 has a negative and significant relationship with motivation. The mean score of psychosocial factors, factor 1 and 3 showed a positive and significant relationship with the mean score of productivity, ability, role clarity, organizational support, motivation, feedback and credibility.
Conclusion: Considering the role of psychosocial factors on employee' productivity, it is necessary to consider organizational interventions in order to control effective psychosocial factors. More attention to psychosocial factors in the workplace can play an effective role in the efficiency and productivity of employees and the organization.
Ramin Rahmani, Raheleh Hashemi Habybabady, Mohammad Hossein Mahmoudi, Haniyeh Yousefi, Siavash Shahnavazi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Assessing the workability of employees is very important, and firefighting is one of the critical jobs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the work ability index (WAI), and identify some effective factors among firefighters.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with participation of 101 firefighters in Zahedan, Iran in 2018. Subjects were included in the study by census method. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire (demographic information and WAI items), and data analysis was performed using SPSS 24.
Results: The mean of age and work experience of the subjects were 34.18±6.70 and 8.47±6.79 years, respectively. Only 18 individuals (17.8%) were single, and most of them exercised at least once a week. The mean score of WAI was 44.33±3.56 and most of the subjects were in the excellent range. With increasing age and work experience, WAI decreased, and there was also a significant relationship between marital status and weekly exercise with WAI.
Conclusions: In general, the condition of the firefighters was favorable in terms of workability. However, due to the relationship between personal characteristics and WAI, it is necessary to adjust the duties of older people with more work experience.
Fereshteh Mohseni Takalu, Sanjar Salajeghe, Mohammad Jalalkamali, Mohammad Taghi Mohseni Takalu,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Resilience is one of the factors affecting the job performance of employees and maintaining their health in a stressful work environment. This study aimed to apply the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model to investigate the individual resilience and the factors affecting it in Melli Bank branch employees of Kerman, Iran.
Methods: In this self-reported cross-sectional survey, 358 Melli Bank Branch Employees of Kerman city participated from August to December 2019. According to the JD-R model, the constructs including resilience, emotional intelligence, social support, and job stress, were selected as outcome, personal resource, job resource, and Job demand respectively and participants participated in the survey by answering the questionnaire designed based on these four constructs. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and AMOS 21 software.
Results: The results showed that resources (emotional intelligence and social support) and demand (job stress) are directly and separately related to resilience (P˂0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively), and they are also interactively related (interaction of emotional intelligence and job stress, social support and job stress, social support and emotional intelligence) (P˂0.001, P˂0.001, and P = 0.003 respectively).
Conclusion: Emotional intelligence, social support, and job stress can affect the resilience of bank employees and human resource managers in banks can help increase employee resilience by creating educational interventions in these areas.
Jafar Akbari, Mahmood Abolghasemian, Amir Ghaffari, Fereydun Moghaddas, Mohammad Amin Mououdi, Shaghayegh Rahimi Kamal, Asoumeh Jozkanani,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Presenteeism is introduced as a phenomenon according to which employees are physically present in the workplace but are functionally absent. This study aimed to investigate presenteeism and productivity loss associated with health problems among employees of the Iranian Gas Transmission Company (IGTC).
Methods: The participants were 2298 employees. Data collection instruments included the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) and the Health and Work Questionnaire (HWQ). Data analysis was performed using the multivariate logistic regression in SPSS software version 26.
Results: More than 52% of the participants (1189 people) had experienced presenteeism at least once a year, while a total of 1073 people (47%) were non-presenteists. The results showed that the HWQ subsets including productivity (P = 0.001), focus (P = 0.023), relationships with the manager or boss (P = 0.007), impatience and irritability (P = 0.026), workplace satisfaction (P = 0.038) and finally the total HWQ score (P = 0.011) had a statistically significant relationship with presenteeism.
Conclusion: Presenteeism reduces the productivity of the workforce by reducing individual productivity, reducing people's ability to concentrate, the inappropriate perception of the relationship with the manager/ boss, increasing their impatience, irritability and level of work-related stress and eventually reducing the level of people's satisfaction with the work environment. This imposes a lot of costs on the organization.
Mostafa Rahmiani-Iranshahi, Mohsen Aliabadi, R Rostam Golmohamadi, Alireza Soltanian, Mohammad Babamiri,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Noise is known as an intruder in job environments and has non-hearing effects. The impact of noise on cognitive functions depends on the type of noise and the dose of noise exposure. This study aims to investigate the effect of noise exposure on cognitive functions and sleep quality.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 169 workers in three metal, chemical, and food industries in Hamedan in 1399. A continuous performance test was used to evaluate cognitive functions. The Petersburg questionnaire assessed participant's sleep quality. Using SVAN 971 analyzer and TES dosimeter, the level of noise exposure and the dominant frequency was measured. Data were also analyzed using linear and multiple regression in SPSS software (version 16).
Results: There is a significant difference in the level of noise exposure with changes in cognitive functions and sleep quality in the present study (P<0.001). The results of linear regression showed that there is a significant relationship between cognitive function and the level of exposure to sound (P<0.001). After identifying and determining the input variables, using multiple regression, an appropriate model was developed to predict sleep quality and sustained attention in the face of noise.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, predictive models with the appropriate coefficient of determination can be good models for assessing the quality of sleep and attention of people in the face of noise, which can be implemented and measured in a shorter time.
Masoud Khosravipour, Payam Khanlari, Mohammad Reza Jafari,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Increasing the retention of health care workers in the context of Covid-19 expansion is one of the most important challenges for the health care systems. To design a strategy to maintain health care workers, it is necessary to identify the factors influencing willingness to work or leave the job among health care workers. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the willingness to work or leave the job among health care workers during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods: To identify relevant publications, the online Databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched on October 20, 2020. Based on the inclusion criteria, only studies that investigated the factors influencing willingness to work or motivation to leave the job among health care workers during the Covid-19 pandemic were included.
Results: Of the 610 studies found through searching, after deleting similar and unrelated studies, a number of 10 cross-sectional articles with a sample size of 15834 subjects were selected. Obtained findings indicated that the willingness to work among health care workers ranged from 61% to 98.7% and averaged 83.5%. The results of studies showed that job factors such as work experience, previous work experience in emergency time or Covid-19, workload, cooperation between employees, the relationship between employees and managers, access to personal protective equipment, and welfare facilities were significantly proportional to the willingness of health care workers to work.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed to design a strategy to maintain the health care workers during the Covid-19 pandemic, a broad range of occupational and psychological variables should be considered. Due to the limited number and quality of studies and the extent of influential variables, more studies are needed in this field.
Mohsen Arefnejad, Fariborz Fathi Chegeni, Mostafa Omidnejad,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The nursing profession is basically stressful in nature. In the meantime, the spread of the coronavirus and its rapid spread throughout the country has caused the over-normal influx of patients infected with this virus to hospitals and increased nurses' work stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Coronavirus Stress on Job burnout in nurses with the moderating role of psychological capital in Khorramabad Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital, Iran.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive research in the field of studies in terms of applied purpose; data collection was performed using surveys. The statistical population of the study was 230 nurses working in Khorramabad Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital, Iran. Based on Krejcie and Morgan table, a sample size of 140 people were selected by stratified random sampling method. To measure the variables of the research, a questionnaire was used which included three sections of Coronavirus Stress, Job burnout and psychological capital. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha method and its validity was confirmed using convergent validity. For data analysis, structural equation modeling and SPSS and PLS software were used.
Results: The results showed that at the 95% confidence level, Coronavirus Stress has a positive and significant effect on nurses' Job burnout and psychological capital has a moderating role in relation to Coronavirus Stress and Job burnout.
Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be said that Coronavirus Stress has a significant role in increasing nurses' Job burnout, and in the meantime, nurses with stronger psychological capital suffer less burnout than nurses with weaker psychological capital. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the stress of Coronavirus disease by strengthening the psychological capital of nurses, which is a teachable component, and also equipping nurses with the best equipment.
Ghazale Sadeghzade, Somaye Rahmati, Fatemeh Sadeghi, Amjad Mohammadi Bolbanabad, Ebrahim Darvishi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The pandemic and the crisis caused by the COVID-19 have challenged health care organizations around the world, causing human casualties and health concerns around the world and in Iran. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mental workload and job burnout of medical employees during the Covid-19 pandemic in Iran.
Method: The present descriptive-analytic research has been conducted on 510 medical and diagnostic staff in the cities of Tehran, Isfahan, and Sanandaj. The mental workload and the job burnout of staff have been evaluated using NASA-TLX software and the job burnout Maslach, respectively. Statistical tests including t-test, ANOVA, and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the data using a STATA-14 software package.
Results: The mean mental workload of employees associated with patients suffering COVID-19 and those not associated was estimated at 83.7±8.1 and 79.9±9.6 respectively. The mean of job burnout was estimated at 79.6±16.2 and 79.7±16.9, respectively, which were not statistically significant. The results of linear regression showed that being married (coefficient = -6.57, P value=0.003), employment as a Tarh (coefficient = -12.71, P value=0.002), inverse relationship and Work in Isfahan hospitals (coefficient = 21.21, P value<0.001) was directly related to burnout. Women (coefficient = 3.61, P value<0.001), having a relationship with COVID-19 patients (coefficient = 5.9, P value<0.001) had a direct relationship with the amount of mental work.
Conclusion: The mental workload and job burnout in medical employees during the COVID-19 pandemic are high, and warning and the mental workload in employees associated with patients suffering COVID-19 are higher than other employees.
Zahra Lotfi, Mohammad Hassani, Mahdi Najjari,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Ethical atmosphere and burnout of employees is an important issue for the management of the organization and management should play a key role in improving the performance of employees and the organization. The present study aimed to model the structural relationship between ethical atmosphere and emotional exhaustion with job satisfaction and turnover intention.
Methods: The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of the data collection method. The statistical population includes 125 employees of the West Azerbaijan Gas Company who were surveyed by census method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha method were used to evaluate the validity and reliability of measuring instruments. Structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software was done to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the determined coefficients showed that the ethical atmosphere was able to explain more than 22% of the changes in emotional exhaustion. Also, emotional exhaustion can explain more than 44% of the changes in job satisfaction and 18% of the changes in the desire to leave the job. The coefficient of morale's impact on job satisfaction with emotional exhaustion was also 0.07. And the impact coefficient of the ethical atmosphere on the desire to leave the job with an emotional exhaustion was also -0.09.
Conclusion: Improving the ethical atmosphere of the organization and reducing the emotional burnout of employees leads to job satisfaction and commitment of employees, and as a result, the performance of employees and the organization improves.
Majid Lashgari, Mohammadreza Arab, Mohsen Nadjafi, Ali Maleki,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Due to the sound caused by various machines and tools in different agriculture sectors, occupational safety and health should be continuously evaluated. Indeed, the harmful effects of sound can be better reduced when the effects of sound on people's health and performance are fully known.
Methods: In this study, a garden tractor was used. Sixteen volunteers were exposed to the sound of the tractor, and their EEG was recorded at four different engine speeds. Then, Higuchi and Katz methods were used to calculate the fractal dimension of sound signals as well as brain signals.
Results: The results showed that by increasing engine speed, the values of the fractal dimension in both Higuchi and Katz methods increased. The results also showed an increase in the fractal dimension of brain signals due to an increase in engine speed. The regression results also showed a high correlation between the two brain signals and the sound. The coefficient of explanation was 0.896 and 0.859 in Higuchi and Katz methods, respectively.
Conclusion: This study showed that people's reactions, when exposed to sound, can be predicted using the fractal dimension. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the characteristics of brain signals without recording them, which are often costly and time-consuming.
Azizeh Pashaei Yousef Kandi, Mohammad Hassani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Nurses, as the largest source of manpower, have a special place in medical affairs and their performance is defined as an effective activity with direct patient care, so it is necessary to study the factors affecting their performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of work-related psychological components in relation to organizational factors affecting nurses' job performance.
Methods: This research is a descriptive-correlational study of structural equations according to the data collection method. The statistical population of the present study includes all nurses of Seyed Al-Shohada (AS) Hospital in Urmia, Iran (n=265). Using Krejcie and Morgan table, 155 people were selected as a statistical sample using the Relative stratified random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect information and after calculating the validity and reliability of the instruments, descriptive and inferential analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 22 and PLS 3 software.
Results: The results of data analysis showed that organizational values, communication satisfaction and charismatic leadership with t-values greater than 1.96 (P value<0.05) mediated by psychological factors have a positive and significant effect on nurses' job performance.
Conclusion: Values, goals, leadership, and communication are factors that go beyond a specific situation and create a sense of satisfaction and performance improvement. Managers increase the ability and capability of nurses by clearly explaining the goals and creating a suitable atmosphere for expressing views, by participating in the affairs of the sense of commitment and ownership, and by holding training courses, and provide the possibility for improving their performance.
