Mohammad Amin Mououdi, Seyed Noroddin Mousavinasab,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background: Problems and complications caused by inappropriate tables and chairs dimensions in changing the shape of children's body are important issues nowadays. The aim of this study was to evaluate anthropometric dimensions of the changes in elementary school students of Mazandaran province between 1992 and 2014.
Methods: in two cross-sectional studies carried out between 1992 and 2014, anthropometric information of elementary school students were collected in the range of 6 to 11 years old. In 1992, 1758 students out of a population of 254204 and in 2014 2336 students out of a population of 208820 were selected using stratified random sampling method. In 1992, mechanical anthropometric was used for measuring while in 2014, an anthropometric chair photographic camera and anthropometric photogrammetric software (made by the researcher) were applied to measure. In this study, we measured the parameters of weight, amount of height, seat height, sitting height, shoulder width, hip width, thigh thickness, sitting length of the buttocks, hip length in sitting leg knee position. Data were analyzed using SPSS software package version 20.
Results: Comparison of the two study revealed that the average (SD) of the boy's weight increased from 25.82 kg (9.5) to 32.17 (11.03) (6.35 kg increase) and girls ‘weight accelerated 25.19 kg (6.5) to 33.10 (12.50) (7.91 kg increase). The boys' height was increased from 127.26 cm (9.6) to 134.80 (10.84) (54.7 cm increase) and a raise was observed form 126.5 cm (10.1) to 133.30 (11.18) (6.8 cm) among girls’ height and there were changes in other anthropometric factors as well.
Conclusion: The results show that students have significant anthropometric changes during a 22 years’ period, and it is needed to carefully design and construct children's devices especially the school chair and table.
Ehsanollah Habibi, Mina Salehi, Ali Taheri, Ghasem Yadegarfar,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background: Recently adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is used for the classification of physical load based on three parameters including %HRmax, HRrest, and body weight. The aim of this study was to optimize this model to reduce the error and increase the accuracy of the model in the classification of physical load.
Methods: The heart rate and oxygen consumption of 30 healthy men were measured during a step test in the laboratory. The VO2max of the participants was measured directly during a maximal treadmill test. A relationship was observed between the calculated %VO2max which is considered as the gold standard of physical load and the model inputs using ANFIS in MATLAB software version 8.0.0. the genetic algorithm was then applied as an optimization technique to the model.
Results: accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the model increased after optimization. The average of accuracy accelerated from 92.95% to 97.92%. The RMSE decreased from 5.4186 to 3.1882. Also, in %VO2max estimation, the maximum error of the mode was ±5% after optimization.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that the use of Genetic Algorithm during training process can increase the accuracy and decrease the error of ANFIS model in the estimation of%VO2max. . The advantages of this model include high precision, simplicity and applicability in real-world working environments and also interpersonal differences.
Mohsen Taghizade, Iraj Mohebbi, Hamidreza Khalkhali, Parya Ahmadi-Arablu, Arezou Torfeh, Mohammad Hajaghazadeh,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: The lack of fit between tools and human hand could result in musculoskeletal disorders and decrease efficiency. Designing hand tools, anthropometric data of target population is necessary. A few studies have reported the hand anthropometric dimensions of Iranians. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to measure the most important anthropometric dimensions of hand in a population of office staffs in Urmia.
Methods:In this study, 20 dimensions of dominant hand were measured in 345 participants (217 males and 128 females) using a digital caliper and a plastic tape. The important percentiles were reported by gender. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean of male and female hand dimensions. The length and width of hand were compared with the corresponding data from published literature.
Results: The values of 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles were calculated and tabulated by gender. The hand dimensions of men were larger than those of women. The mean of hand dimensions of men was statistically different from those of women (P=0.001). In contrast to women, the hand length and breadth of the men of this study were significantly different from those of the most of the other communities.
Conclusion: The results of this study could be used by designers or importers of hand tools and gloves. Considering the significant differences of hand dimensions between men and women, it is recommended to use hand dimensions of each gender for designing their related products.
Mahdi Homayounfar, Mehdi Fadaei Eshkiki, Rouzbeh Sedaghat,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: Safety and safety behaviors, especially in hard and harmful jobs are among the most critical issues ahead manufacturing industries in developing countries. This research has been developed to investigate the affecting elements on safety behaviors of workers in hard and harmful jobs in manufacturing industries of Guilan province.
Methods: The method of this research is descriptive and its purpose is practical. The statistical population of the research includes workers in hard and harmful jobs in casting and pressing department of manufacturing industries of Guilan province were 384 out of them were chosen as sample through non-random sampling and using Morgan table due to the unavailability of the people and, required data were collected using the questionnaire. After validity (content) and reliability test of the questionnaire and describing the research variables using SPSS, the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling method and based on LISREL 8.5.
Results: Findings indicate that the effect of safety management system practices on safety compliance and motivation; ethical leadership on safety acceptance and participation; self-efficacy on safety motivation and acceptance; and safety compliance on safety acceptance and participation are verified; however the effect of safety management system practic on safety compliance, self-efficacy on safety participation and ethical leadership on safety acceptance do not verified. The results indicate that the model variables explains 68.8% of safety behavior variations.
Conclusion: Self efficacy has the highest indirect effect on safety behavior (safety acceptance and participation) which both of these effects mediate by safety motivation. Thus, empowering the self-efficacy will increase safety behaviors.
Saseed Ilbeigi, Nafise Rastegar, Marzieye Saghebjoo, Ahmad Ebrahimi Etri, Hosein Farzaneh,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between ergonomic of educational equipments with anthropometrical parameters and upper extremity abnormalities in primary school girl students in Mashhad.
Methods: In this way, 14225 girl students were selected as statistical population, and then 375 subjects randomly were selected as a samples study. Some anthropometrical parameters as; popliteal height, popliteal-buttock length, elbow height from 90° angle, and shoulder height from setting position along with some educational equipments dimension used such as bench height, bench depth, desk height and width were measured. Moreover, upper extremity abnormalities including lumbar lordosis and thorax kyphosis were evaluated by flexible ruler. The related anthropometrical measures along with desk and bench dimensions also were determined in range of accepted limit (AL), over range of accepted limit and below range of accepted limit for each of benches and desks dimension. For statistical analysis the Chi-Square test in contingency tables, Cramer’s phi were used by SPPS version 16 (P<0/05).
Results: The result of this study indicated that the 81/8 percent of benches was higher than max accepted limit of the popliteal height, and 76/8 of students used some desks that was higher than max accepted limit (P<0/05). Bench depth was inappropriate for %100 of students and smaller than min accepted limit. Furthermore significant relationship observed between measure match bench height with popliteal height and abnormalities lordosis and kyphosis (p≤0/05).
Conclusion: The result of present study indicated that educational equipments of the Mashhad schools had no minimum ergonomic standard.
Mohsen Shir Mohammadzadeh1, Abolfazl Ghasemzadeh Alishahi, Mehdi Kazemzadeh Beytali,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: The aim of present study was to investigate mediator role of occupational self-efficacy in the relationship between professional development and job commitment and satisfaction among staffs of Sports and the Youth Department of East Azarbaijan Province.
Methods: Research sampling method of the study is classified random method. The research statistical population involved 322 participants. Krejcie and Morgan table was used to determine the sample size of the study. According to the table, 203 participants were selected as the sample size. The scholar made questioners of satisfaction inventory, Alman and Mir’s job commitment inventory and Sharar’s et.al general self-efficacy inventory were used for data collection.
Results: Statistical analysis of the data indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between professional development and job satisfaction and commitment. Moreover, the results of the study indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between self-efficacy and job commitment and satisfaction. The highest level of significant correlation was obtained for the relationship between professional development and job satisfaction and the lowest significant correlation was obtained for the relationship between professional development and self-efficacy.
Conclusion: Finally, results confirmed the mediator role of occupational self-efficacy in the relationship between professional development and job commitment and satisfaction.
Yadollah Hamidi, Zahra Toosi, Dr Leili Tapak,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: Human resources and their potential and capabilities, will play an important role in promoting quality and productivity, Which has been discussed in the macrovascular discussions with the aim of enhancing the organization's performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Personal Mastery and the consequences of quality improvement and productivity in Hamadan University of medical sciences.
Methods: This is a descriptive/ analytical study. 295 managers and experts of university staffs were selected through random sampling. Data were collected by two questionnaires: "Peter Senge Learning Organization" and "Resourceful Total Quality Management" questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA at 95% confidence level, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis using Spss16 software.
Results: The results showed a mean of Personal Mastery of 23.1 and a positive and significant correlation between Personal Mastery and the consequences of improving quality and productivity (p<0.001). Also, there was a significant difference in Personal Mastery in both sexes (p<0.005). But this difference was not evident in terms of degree and field of study.
Conclusion: Productivity in the service sector depends, rather than depends on technology and other factors, on human resources and factors affecting it. Therefore, attention to capabilities and empowerment of human resources is very important and can be achieved through a macrovagnomic approach and development of infrastructure related to the empowerment of employees in the organization, to increase efficiency, productivity and quality improvement.
Azar Soltani, Mohsen Aliabadi, Rostam Golmohammadi, Majid Motamedzade,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: Exposure to hand-arm vibration is one of the most common physical harmful factors. The purpose of this study was Experimental study of the level of manual performance disability caused by exposure to hand-arm vibration among automobile casting workers.
Methods: This study was performed on 53 casting workers as case group and 28 controls as control group. The measurement of the vibration of the worker's arms and hands was carried out in accordance with the ISO 5349 standard. The level of manual performance disability was evaluated using skeletal-muscular, sensory-neural and vascular tests. Also, a questionnaire was used for the level of disability of the arm, shoulder and hand DASH. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software.
Results: The 8-hour vibration exposure was 8.33 m / s2 (4.49), which is exceeded the permissible level. Skill and dexterity, fingers and grip strength of the dominant hand in the case group were decreased by 4%, 13.3% and 11%, respectively (p <0.05). The regeneration time of the dominant hand in the case group was 41.2% higher than the control group (p <0.05). Sensory-neurological complications increased in the case group compared to the control group, however, it was not statistically significant. The DASH score in the case group was 10.7 (13.4) and the control group was 4.1 (5.1).
Conclusion: Hand-arm manual performance disability in workers exposed to vibration decreased from 4% to 14%, which confirmed the DASH score. In addition, workers showed a higher level of vascular complications compared with sensory-neurological complications.
Nasim Alipour, Mehrane Shabani, Amir Asady Fakhr, Seyed Ali Mahdiyoun,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background: The of human resources is one of the issues that management efforts have always been aimed at reducing. Many factors affect job intention to leave, one of which is job stress in a work environment. Regarding the importance of the issue, the present study was conducted to study of occupational stress as predictors of nursing intention to leave.
Methods: The research design in this study is a correlation design. The target population in this study was all nurses working in Hamedan state hospitals. Based on simple random sampling, 300 individuals were selected as the sample of this study. The instruments used in this research were effort-reward imbalance questionnaire, Job Content questionnaire, and intention to leave questionnaire. The Collected date was analyzed using correlation and regression analysis using SPSS18 software.
Results: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the amount of effort, job demands and the intention to leave in nurses (p≤0.01). But there was a negative and significant relationship between reward, job control and social support with the intention to leave in nurses (p≤0.01).
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that job stress is an important factor in creating the intention to leave a job in the personnel, and the components of both models used in this research can be used to reduce the intention to leave at the nurses.
Zahra Ordudari, Shiva Soury, Ehsanollah Habibi, Zahra Sharifian,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Regular physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of low back pain, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, cancer, hypertension, depression and early death. Also, work ability is related to the interactions between physical and mental ability, working conditions, employee efficiency, and employee health status. In this research, the relationship between work ability and the level of physical activity is investigated.
Materials & Methods: This study was descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional, which was conducted among 120 office workers and operatives. Physical activity and work ability index were measured using physical activity questionnaire and Iranian version of work ability index. Data analysis was performed using SPSS20 and (P <0.05) was considered significant.
Results: In this study, gardeners and office workers respectively,had the highest and lowest levels of physical activity with the mean of 4206.09 and 3567.58. However, work ability almost was the same in all groups. Also, Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was no significant relationship between work ability index and physical activity.
Conclusion: According to the results,the work ability index of subjects was good and physical activity was high. Also, there was no significant relationship between work ability index and physical activity, thus making plans to promote the work ability index should be a priority in the intervention program.
Seyed Nader Aghilian, Mohsen Rahami, Houshang Shambayati,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Establishing order depends on different arrangements in many aspects of lif. The fulfillment of order should be along with good policy and developed strategic principles, at the micro level and with the correct, firm and prudence legislation in the institutions and governance. Forensic ergonomics is one of the fields that helps this aim. Today it has become more widely used due to the creation of legal problems in the field of accidents and injuries. Therefore, this study reviews articles about forensic ergonomics and the effect of ideology on it.
Materials & Methods: This is a review study. The English articles published in Pubmed, Scopus, and Google scholar were chosen using keywords such as “forensic ergonomics” and “forensic human factor” without time limit; at least 3 articles were eligible.
Results: In the review section, the results showed that there is an agreement in the definition of forensic ergonomics, but there are very few studies. The results also showed that the use of forensic ergonomics is increasing, and the prospect of this area is positive. In the analytical section, the results also indicated that the review and suggestions for the creation of laws in the field of accidents should be assigned to the judicial system, not the executive or legislative system.
Conclusion: In order to progress in the field of legal ergonomics and to prevent the impact of ideology and politics on legislation, there is a need for further introduction and training of experts in this field and paying attention to the rational and scientific principles.
Rashid Heidarimoghadam, Mehrane Shabani, Younes Lotfi, Fakhradin Ghasemi, Younes Mohammadi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the factors affecting carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the lack of coordination and appropriateness of these tools. Designing a handy tool helps with a better performance, befitting and less fatigue. In this study, anthropometric data on the hands (right and left) of women and men were collected.
Materials & Methods: This research was descriptive and 576 people participated in this study; 10 anthropometric measurements of the hand according to the principles of measurement of Pheasant were measured by digital caliper under the same conditions. The measured anthropometric dimensions were the length of the hands and palms, the width of the hands and palms, the length of the fingers (m1-m2-m3-m4-m5) and the maximum power grip. Descriptive indices such as percentile 5, 50 and 95, maximum and minimum, mean and standard deviation were calculated using SPSS software.
Results: 290 women and 286 men participated in this study. Mean and standard deviation of age was (40.58 ± 9.95), height (1.66 ± 1.14) and BMI (26.85 ± 4.50). 90.8% were right handed and (9.2%) were left handed. The mean difference in length of hand, palm length, hand width, thumb length, middle finger length, small finger length, maximum power grip of women and men were statistically significant (P<0.01). All dimensions of the hand in men were larger than women.
Conclusion: Anthropometric dimensions are influenced by factors such as gender, age, genetics, and even type of nutrition, occupation, and other factors. The size of the dimensions of the hands of women and men are different. Anthropometric database of two communities should be used to design handheld devices that are commonly used by both women and men. The findings can be used to design and redesign any hand tools and improve the convenience of users.
Tahereh Gholami, Najmeh Rahnavard, Marziyeh Sadeghzadeh, Sepideh Tahmtan,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are major problems among hospital staff. One of the most important reasons for these disorders are patient handling tasks and psychosocial stressors. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial stressors caused by patients handling among nurse aids.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 56 nurse aids of Fasa University of Medical Sciences in 2017. The data were collected via Nordic questionnaire, MAPO index checklist and job content questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the variables and the Chi-square test for analyzing the data.
Results: The results showed that the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was in the lower back (71.4%) and the least in the thigh and neck area (46.4%). The results of MAPO index for risk of musculoskeletal disorders showed that 9 out of 12 sections (63.2%) were in the 2nd level. Also, the average score of the dimensions of the psychological job demands and the physical job demands are high and the average score of social support is low, which indicates high stress. Also, the physical job demands (P=0.035), social support (P=0.002) and job insecurity (P=0.001) were related to the levels of MAPO risks.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, the prevalence of lower back pain is high and nurse aids experience many psychosocial stressors in their job life. So the training of ergonomic principles and the use of auxiliary equipment during the transport of patients, as well as the reduction of stressors such as the psychological and physical job demand and the lack of social support and job insecurity by authorities, the risk of musculoskeletal disorders can be reduced.
Mahshid Bahrami, Mansoureh Sadeghi, Alireza Dehdashti, Meysam Karami,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: working with computer for long duration, static condition, and poor posture may lead to musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to assess an educational and ergonomic intervention on improving work procedure among computer users in office work in 2016.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was carried out on 28 employees of administrative staff of Damghan Velayat Hospital. In order to determine the level of ergonomic risk, the physical status of patients was evaluated before and 6 months after intervention using ROSA method. The ergonomic principles were also used to increase the staff’s awareness. Finally, one-way analysis of variance and independent t-test were used to analyze the statistical data.
Results: Prior to the implementation of the educational intervention program, the most important risk factors were in the neck (P=0.009), elbows (P=0.019) and shoulders (P=0.031), respectively. After the intervention, this level of risk was reduced in the organs, which was a significant change. There were also other variables; age (P=0.028), gender (P=0.015), BMI (P=0.040), education level (P=0.047) and job experience (P=0.025). They had a significant effect on the final score of ROSA.
Conclusion: The results indicated the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and ergonomic risk level by ROSA method which requires ergonomic intervention in the design of the environment, tools and equipment along with educational intervention.
Fatemeh Zameni, Ahmad Soltanzadeh, Parvin Nasiri,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: In the modern industrial world, the health of the employees in different Occupations can be influenced by the interaction of various risk factors. So, the purpose of present study was to assess and analyze the relationship between the factors including shift work, job stress, job satisfaction and health in a petrochemical industry.
Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted using analytical and cross-sectional method. The statistical population was all employees of a petrochemical company (4000 people). Using the Cochran formula, a sample of 360 individuals were selected using simple random sampling method. Data was collected using a high reliability integrated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83). Data was analyzed using SPSS22.0.
Results: The analytical results of relationship between shift work, occupational stress, occupational satisfaction and health showed that all hypotheses in the conceptual model were approved and there was a significant relationship between these factors (P<0.001). Also, the results showed that, in addition to the direct effect of shift work on health, due to the effect on occupational stress and occupational satisfaction, it was indirectly related to health (P <0.001).
Conclusion: The findings indicated that shift work as a direct factor and as a mediator and indirect factor through impact on factors such as occupational satisfaction and stress can affect the health of employees. Therefore, considering this organizational phenomenon and its redesign or its change can play an important role in increasing the level of occupational health and motivation as well as organizational productivity.
Bahram Ipaki,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Parkinson’s is a progressive disease of the nervous system that by affecting the body movements, affects patients’ quality of life and makes daily tasks like eating, difficult and time consuming for them. The aim of this study was to improve the comfort situation of Parkinson patient when eating by identifying ergonomic problems, and designing product for this.
Methods: 12 Parkinson’s patients were chosen by simple random sampling method. Data was collected through a translated Interview of the Discomfort Questionnaire section of ErgoFellow Software and direct observation of patients while eating. After the final data analysis and extraction of design guidelines, design ideas were sketched and the final design was formed after AHP evaluation.
Results: Discomfort Questionnaire data (the average rate of 10.6out of 7 (1. 514)) showed that the non-ergonomic posture of hands, fingers, wrists, arms, elbows, neck, upper back (lumber), and shoulders, the discomfort rate while eating, is more intense, compared to other parts of the body . Observations have also shown that in order to near food to patient mouth, occur Non-ergonomic changes in the patient’s posture. Therefore, designing product should be done using anthropometric data.
Conclusion: The results showed that reduction of mouth-to-food distance would reduce discomfort and fatigue for the Parkinson’s patient. Therefore, using anthropometric data, a height-adjustable product was designed and developed that improves the position of the posture and reduces the patient’s discomfort situation during eating food.
Iraj Mohammadfam, Tahere Eskandari, Maryam Farokhzad,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The main cause of incidents is human error. The occurrence of these errors in the use of medical equipment can result in harm to the patient, the destruction of equipment, the imposition of economic damages, and the deterioration of the credentials of the health sectors. Hence, the identification, evaluation and management of errors in the use of these equipment is very critical. The present study was conducted to reduce the risk of human errors in using a medical device in one of the hospitals in Iran.
Methods: The study subject was a ventilator device, which was selected considering the high usage and the criticality of its use in hospitals. Identification and evaluation of human error were performed using the PUEA technique, as well as quantification of errors, and reduction of uncertainty in estimating the significance of detected human errors using fuzzy logic.
Results: Based on the findings, 33 errors were detected in the use of the ventilator device. The most common types of errors were the type of error in operation. (72.72%). The most important causes of errors were slips and lapses (42.42%). The main primary consequences for the predicted errors were the device not being sterilized and the possibility of transmission of microbes to patients. In 42.42% of the cases, errors were not recoverable. The results of the PUEA technique and fuzzy logic showed that there is no relationship between the type of error, frequency of its occurrence, and the probability of error occurrence.
Conclusion: In human error studies, the combined use of risk identification techniques and a quantitative approach that determines the probability of identified errors can reduce uncertainty in the final results.
Bahram Ipaki, Zahra Merrikhpour,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: One of the important points in user-centric design is to pay attention to the physical and psychological conditions of the user and the errors caused by the product’s undesirable design. The bicycle shifting system is one of the most complex components that many interactions of users with it have an effect on them. This research recognizes the exact needs of cyclists and provides a solution to create effective user interaction.
Methods: In this research, using a combination method, a qualitative analysis was carried out using the AEIOU method, 50 cyclists of the Tabriz Islamic Art University were selected using non-random sampling method. Using a desirability testing of 3 subjects, a quantitative survey was done. After the preparation of the design requirements, by using SCAMPER technique, ideas were evaluated through DFV technique and the final idea was developed.
Results: The results showed that users are faced with more psychological than physical problems during a gear shift. According to the desirability testing, the subject (2) with a score of 883, and the ratio of desirability of 1.212 compared to the subject (3) and 1.256 compared to the subject (1), was the most desirable product, which indicates the direct relation of the utility rate with the simplicity.
Conclusion: Since most users’ mistakes in understanding the logical displacement of the gears lead to poor bike switching conditions, the design of the product focuses on reducing user error and the number of additional operations and accelerating the user decision making process.
Majid Lashgari, Mohammadreza Arab,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Sound as a detrimental factor in working environments can create annoying conditions for people in addition to physical problems. Therefore, in addition to evaluating quantitative parameters such as pressure levels, it is absolutely necessary to study the quality parameters of the sound in the work environment.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytic research, the sound of 285 MF tractor was recorded. Then, the EEG of five drivers were recorded in the pre-driving state and then when driving with the tractor in four different engine speed. The psychoacoustic annoyance model was used to assess the annoyance of tractor drivers. Then means were compared with Duncan comparison test at 5% probability level and the correlation between psychoacoustic acoustic and alpha and beta bands was determined.
Results: The results of ANOVA showed that different levels of engine speed on psychoacoustic annoyance were significant at 1% probability level. The results also showed a decrease in the amplitude of the alpha band, as well as an increase in the beta band amplitude due to increased engine speed. Regression results showed that there is a high correlation between the two alpha and beta bands and the psychoacoustic annoyance, so that the detection coefficient was 0.966 and 0.998, respectively, for the two bands alpha and beta.
Conclusion: This study showed that changes in the quality parameters of the sound and consequently the resulting annoyance caused the amplitude changes in both the alpha and beta bands. So, it can be concluded that the psychoacoustic annoyance is a good indicator of brain activity.
Mahboubeh Sadat Rahmanpour, Abbas Ebadi, Aram Tirgar,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The objective of hospital accreditation is to increase the safety and satisfaction of patients and employees, with the contribution of which can be achieved through environmental adaption. The present study aimed to explain the necessity of using ergonomic considerations in the process of hospital accreditation.
Methods: This methodological study was designed in 2018 and simultaneously conducted with the psychometric evaluation and validation of the structural fitness assessment tool of age-friendly hospitals. The determination of the structural components was done by examining the texts and validating the items using the Delphi method. After determining the content validity, classification of items into mandatory or essential sections was made by obtaining at least two thirds and one thirds of the experts votes, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data processing.
Results: The processing of expert opinion about 72 items (content validity) showed that the majority of subjects (55 items equivalent to 76%) were mandatory or essential, with the highest proportion of mandatory cases being made by the gerontologists, and the least architectural experts.
Conclusion: Considering the growth of the elderly population in the country and, on the other hand, the high contribution of the elderly to the treatment centers, and the necessity or basicity of the majority of tool items, the application of ergonomic principles in the accreditations seems necessary.
