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The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic On Mental Workload and Occupational Burnout in Medical Staff: A Case-Control Study
Gholamabbas Shirali, Abbas Mohammadi, Atefe Elyasigomari,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (Iranian Journal of Ergonomics 2022)
Abstract
Objectives: Psychological parameters are among the most important components in determining the job performance of employees in the workplace and can be strongly affected by the epidemic of infectious diseases like COVID-19. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on mental workload and Occupational burnout of medical staff in Iran.
Methods: This case-control study was performed among the healthcare staff of two hospitals in Tehran province in 2021. All employees working in two hospitals were included by census method. The total number of people studied was 412 personnel. NASA-TLX and Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaires were used to assess mental workload and burnout, respectively. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test and Chi-square.
Results: The present study results revealed that the mean age, work experience, daily working hours, and body mass index of the studied employees were 36.70 ± 11.48 years, 12.53 ± 7.13 years, 9.64 ± 3.13 hours, and 23.89 ± 4.73 kg/m2, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups of cases and controls in the values of mental workload (P = 0.011) and burnout (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: The present study's findings revealed that the prevalence of COVID-19 could increase the values of mental workload parameters and burnout of health care personnel in medical settings. Therefore, control measures and psychological interventions to improve healthcare personnel's mental and physical health during the COVID-19 epidemic are mandatory.

Investigating the Effects of Workload, Fatigue, Sleep Quality and Posture on Musculoskeletal Disorders in Workers in the Steel Industry
Atefeh Elyasi Gomari, Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi, Saeed Ghanbari, Abbas Mohammadi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Iranian Journal of Ergonomics 2023)
Abstract
Objectives: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are widespread and important health and social problems in industrialised society, reducing productivity, increasing treatment costs and affecting the quality of life of workers. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of workload, fatigue, sleep quality and physical condition on musculoskeletal disorders among workers in the steel industry.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive and analytical study conducted on a population of 540 workers working in the steel industry in the city of Dezful. Based on simple random sampling, 400 people were selected as samples. The instruments used in this study are the Demographic Information Questionnaire, the Cornell Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire (CMDQ), the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory(SOFI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI) and the NASA-TLX workload index. The Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) was used. Descriptive statistical indices were used to analyze the data, and the relationships between observed and hidden variables were examined using structural equation modeling (SEM) The data were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05 and in SPSS software version 25.
Results: According to the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, back pain ranked first with a mean and standard deviation of 52.39±25.44 and knee pain ranked second with a mean and standard deviation of 46.46±26.45, indicating that the prevalence of these disorders is high among steel industry workers. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between workload, fatigue, sleep quality and body condition and musculoskeletal disorders (p<0.05). The RMSEA index of less than 0.1 shows that the model proposed in this study fits well and demonstrates the role of workload variables, fatigue, sleep quality and body position in the direct and indirect causation of musculoskeletal disorders.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that improving workplace ergonomics, reducing workload and fatigue, and improving sleep quality can reduce the likelihood of musculoskeletal disorders in workers.

Understanding the Link between Leader-Member Exchange and Organizational Presenteeism: Analysis of the Key Role of Organizational Commitment in Academic Environments
Zahra Gomari, Mohsen Nazarzadeh Zare,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (Iranian Journal of Ergonomics 2024)
Abstract
Objectives: The emergence of presenteeism in the organizational environment can have significant negative consequences. A key point in this regard is that the quality of leader-member exchange can influence the increase or decrease of presenteeism. Additionally, organizational commitment has a significant relationship with presenteeism. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the relationship between leader-member exchange and organizational presenteeism among university employees through the mediating role of organizational commitment.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational method was conducted using the structural equation modeling technique. The research population consisted of all 145 male and female employees of Malayer University, and due to their small number, a census method was used to select the samples. The required data were collected using three questionnaires, namely Leader-Member Exchange, Organizational Presenteeism, and Organizational Commitment. The gathered data were analyzed in SPSS version 23 and SMART PLS version 3 software packages using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
Results: The research findings showed that leader-member exchange had a significant negative path coefficient (-0.271) on organizational presenteeism, leader-member exchange had a significant positive path coefficient (0.585) on organizational commitment, and organizational commitment had a significant negative path coefficient (-0.286) on organizational presenteeism, all at the 0.01 level of significance. Additionally, the indirect effect of leader-member exchange on organizational presenteeism through the mediating role of organizational commitment was significant, with a Sobel test statistic of 2.627 at the 0.05 level of significance.
Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study indicate that improving leader-member exchange as well as increasing organizational commitment can lead to a reduction in organizational presenteeism in an academic environment.

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